What is tooth sensitivity?
Tooth sensitivity is a common dental problem that occurs when the exposed layer of your tooth, called the dentin, becomes stimulated by hot, cold, sweet, or sour foods and drinks, or even by cold air. When the dentin is stimulated, it can cause a sharp, brief pain or discomfort. Tooth sensitivity can also be caused by gum recession, which exposes the roots of your teeth, or by wearing away of the enamel (the hard, outer layer of your teeth). Tooth sensitivity can be a minor inconvenience, or it can be a sign of a more serious dental problem. If you are experiencing tooth sensitivity, it is important to see a dentist for a proper diagnosis and treatment.
Different causes of tooth sensitivity
There are several different causes of tooth sensitivity:
Enamel erosion: Enamel erosion occurs when the hard, outer layer of your teeth (enamel) is worn away, exposing the sensitive layer of your teeth (dentin). This can be caused by acidic foods and drinks, such as soda and citrus fruits, as well as by certain medical conditions, such as acid reflux.
Gum recession: Gum recession is a condition in which the gums pull back from the teeth, exposing the roots of the teeth. This can cause tooth sensitivity, particularly when the exposed roots are stimulated by hot, cold, sweet, or sour foods and drinks.
Tooth decay: Tooth decay, or cavities, can cause tooth sensitivity. When a cavity is present, the bacteria in the mouth can infect the tooth and cause inflammation, which can lead to sensitivity.
Tooth grinding (bruxism): Tooth grinding, or bruxism, can wear down the enamel on your teeth, leading to sensitivity.
Dental procedures: Dental procedures, such as teeth whitening or getting a filling, can sometimes cause temporary tooth sensitivity.
Other medical conditions: Some medical conditions, such as acid reflux and sinus infections, can cause tooth sensitivity.
Different types of tooth sensitivity
There are two types of tooth sensitivity:
Occasional sensitivity: Occasional sensitivity is a type of tooth sensitivity that occurs in response to certain stimuli, such as hot, cold, sweet, or sour foods and drinks. This type of sensitivity is usually temporary and goes away on its own.
Chronic sensitivity: Chronic sensitivity is a type of tooth sensitivity that is persistent and lasts for an extended period of time. This type of sensitivity may be caused by an underlying dental problem, such as gum recession or tooth decay, and may require treatment.
Different treatments for tooth sensitivity.
There are several treatment options for tooth sensitivity, including:
Desensitizing toothpaste: Desensitizing toothpaste contains ingredients that help to block the tiny channels in your teeth that lead to the nerves, reducing sensitivity.
Fluoride: Fluoride can help to strengthen the enamel on your teeth, making them less sensitive. Fluoride can be applied directly to your teeth in the form of a gel, foam, or varnish, or it can be taken in the form of a supplement.
Bonding: Bonding is a procedure in which a tooth-colored resin is applied to the surface of your teeth to cover exposed areas and reduce sensitivity.
Root canal: If tooth sensitivity is caused by an infected tooth, a root canal procedure may be necessary to remove the infection and save the tooth.
Gum graft: If tooth sensitivity is caused by gum recession, a gum graft procedure may be necessary to cover exposed areas of the tooth roots and reduce sensitivity.
Avoiding triggers: Avoiding triggers, such as hot, cold, sweet, or sour foods and drinks, can help to reduce tooth sensitivity.
It is important to see a dentist if you are experiencing tooth sensitivity, as they can determine the cause of the sensitivity and recommend the most appropriate treatment.
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